0 Esophageal ring

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Site : Lower oesophagus.

 A-Ring = Lower esophageal muscular ring 

• Mostly asymptomatic.
• Symptoms if present : Dysphagia for both solids and liquids in absence of food impactions.
• Situated few centimeters proximal to Schatzki's location (see below)

 B-Ring = Lower esophageal mucosal ring = Schatzki ring 

• There is fibrous thickening in submucosa, it is symmetrical. Mucosa is normal histopathologically.
• Most patients are asymptomatic.
• Symptoms if present : Dysphagia, more for solids , and food impactions.
• Has association with hiatus hernia
• Seen in Lower oesophagus above diaphragm at Squamocolumner junction
• Treatment : Balloon when needed.

DYSPHAGIA if present is NON-PROGRESSIVE

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