tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-86307253252550299002024-02-12T10:04:46.369+05:30MedicoNotebookMedical Notes , MCQs , Most Common Mnemonics , One Liners...DrAyushGoelhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17014476353129475297noreply@blogger.comBlogger620125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8630725325255029900.post-89889366339575359522023-05-29T17:06:00.002+05:302023-05-29T17:07:41.950+05:30Radiology Quiz 8
Author: Dr. Ayush Goel
Q. What is the name of the Radiographic View and what is the diagnosis ?
Image Courtesy : Dr Ayush Goel
ANSWER:
Answer: TMJ Lateral Oblique View (25 degree Caudad) - TMJ Dislocation
DrAyushGoelhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17014476353129475297noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8630725325255029900.post-34697955124242737322022-12-23T10:45:00.000+05:302022-12-23T10:45:51.480+05:30Radiology Quiz 7
Author: Dr. Ayush Goel
Q. What is the diagnosis of this classical appearance on MLO view of Mammogram ?
Image Courtesy: Dr Ayush Goel & Dr Garima Goel
ANSWER:
Answer: BIRADS V - Malignant Breast Lesion
DrAyushGoelhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17014476353129475297noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8630725325255029900.post-61963679185973026232016-11-28T19:16:00.000+05:302016-11-28T19:16:40.958+05:30Medical One Liners 451-460
451. Periampullary carcinoma: Double duct sign
452. Carcinoma head of pancreas: Barium study - Widening of C loop of duodenum.
453. Down's syndrome: Antenatal ultrasound
Increased Nuchal Translucency >3mm (between 11.3 to 13.6 weeks gestation)
Not to be confused with Nuchal fold thickness which is taken between 18 to 22 weeks of gestation
Absent / Hypoplastic Nasal bone
454. Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14855005970337163390noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8630725325255029900.post-33481970607289794492016-11-27T21:33:00.000+05:302016-11-27T21:33:05.648+05:30Renal Tuberculosis
Author: Dr. Ayush Goel
Renal tuberculosis occurs due to hematogenous spread.
Salient points:
Earliest symptom: Frequency of micturation
Lab reports: Sterile Pyuria
Best Radiological test: IVP
Earliest feature - feathery appearance of calyces
Late - Putty Kidney/Cement Kidney (Autonephrectomy)
Note: Autosplenectomy is seen in Sickel cell disease
Urinary bladder - Thimble bladder (thick Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14855005970337163390noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8630725325255029900.post-40810265436821603392016-08-10T22:34:00.001+05:302016-08-10T22:34:44.567+05:30Radiology Quiz 6
Author: Dr. Ayush Goel
Q. What is the diagnosis of this classical appearance of lower limb during antenatal ultrasound scan ?
Image courtesy: Dr Ayush Goel
ANSWER:
Answer: Congenital Talipes Equino Varus (CTEV / Club Foot)
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14855005970337163390noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8630725325255029900.post-58635515323512919762016-07-04T18:00:00.003+05:302016-07-04T18:00:39.576+05:30Radiology Quiz 5
Author: Dr. Ayush Goel
Q. Whats the diagnosis for this classical appearance ?
Image courtesy: Dr Ayush Goel
ANSWER:
Answer: Rickets - Cupping and flaring of metaphysis with widening of growth plate.
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14855005970337163390noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8630725325255029900.post-46963575323868285652016-01-17T19:31:00.000+05:302016-01-17T19:32:40.098+05:30Medical One Liners 441-450
441. MRI - Gadolinium contrast is used (when needed). In patients with renal failure, it may cause Nephrogenic Systemic Fibrosis - plaques of skin (firm, indurated and erythematous) with subcutaneous oedema.
442. Air bronchograms can be seen in alveolar pathologies:
Pneumonia
Pulmonary edema
Hyaline membrane disease
Bronchoalveolar carcinoma
443. Pneumatocele Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14855005970337163390noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8630725325255029900.post-34887324122559457732016-01-17T19:18:00.000+05:302016-01-17T19:18:39.440+05:30Pulmonary sequestration
Author: Dr. Ayush Goel
Pulmonary Sequestration = accessory lung (embryonic cut off of a segment from main
lung)
Types:
Intralobar
Extralobar
More common (75-85% cases)
Less common (15-25% cases)
Presentation
Usually Child with recurrent infections
Usually Neonate with respiratory distress and cyanosis
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14855005970337163390noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8630725325255029900.post-64849438227247883152016-01-17T15:05:00.003+05:302016-01-17T15:05:49.738+05:30Radiology Quiz 4
Author: Dr. Ayush Goel
Q. Whats your diagnosis ?
Image courtesy: Dr Ayush Goel and Dr Subhash Goel
ANSWER:
Answer: Enlarged Adenoids and Tonsils
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14855005970337163390noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8630725325255029900.post-52527062841268016562015-06-01T15:25:00.001+05:302015-06-01T15:25:56.963+05:30Medical One Liners 431-440
431. Egg shell calcification
Sarcoidosis
Silicosis
Treated Lymphoma
432. Achondroplasia
Champagne glass pelvis
Bullet shaped vertebra
Tombstone iliac wings
Trident hand
Macrocephaly with narrowed foramen magnum
433. In Doppler ultrasound, colour indicates direction of flow, conventionally:
Red: towards the probe
Blue: away from the probe
However, this can be reversed with machine Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14855005970337163390noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8630725325255029900.post-25221051531667845202015-05-30T13:30:00.002+05:302015-05-30T13:30:31.448+05:30Important Bone Tumors
Author: Dr Ayush Goel
Important Bone Tumors:
1. Osteosarcoma:
Age: 10-20 yrs (except when its secondary e.g. in Paget's disease in old age)
Metaphyseal
Sunray periosteal reaction
note: sunburst calcification on abdominal X-ray is seen in Pancreatic serous cystadenoma
Codman triangle
note: codman tumor is chondroblastoma
Radioresistant
2. Ewing's sarcoma
Age: 10-20 yrs
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14855005970337163390noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8630725325255029900.post-7195725458342394452015-05-28T19:42:00.000+05:302015-05-28T19:42:32.738+05:30Pulmonary aspergillosis
Pulmonary aspergillosis can present in 3 major forms:
Aspergilloma
fungal ball in an old tuberculous cavity
shows Monad sign (usually also called air crescent sign)
Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA)
central bronchiectasis
gloved finger appearance
fleeting opacities
Invasive aspergillosis
in immunocompromised
shows CT halo sign
Note: Reverse CT halo/Atol sign is seen in Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14855005970337163390noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8630725325255029900.post-17384528505020606052015-05-28T18:42:00.001+05:302015-05-28T18:44:12.723+05:30Medical One Liners 421-430
421. For lung investigation - CT scan is best, except in Pancoast tumour/Superior sulcus tumour where MRI is investigation of choice to look for brachial plexus involvement.
422. Silhouette's sign or more correctly loss of silhouette sign:
Middle lobe pathology: obscures right heart border
Lower lobe pathology: obscures diaphragm
Lingular pathology: left heart border
Posterior segment Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14855005970337163390noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8630725325255029900.post-53477022674317113782015-05-28T11:30:00.002+05:302015-05-28T11:32:32.847+05:30X-ray photon interaction with matter
X-ray photon interaction with matter can occur in various forms:
Photoelectric effect {low energy photon (energy just greater than binding energy of electron) interacts with innermost shell electron}- MCQ
directly proportional to atomic number of matter
inversely proportional to cube of incident photon energy
maximum with tightly bound electrons (i.e. innermost shell - K)
Compton Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14855005970337163390noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8630725325255029900.post-83708229952022374592015-05-28T10:24:00.001+05:302015-05-28T10:24:34.684+05:30Stroke
Author: Dr Ayush Goel
Stroke (cerebrovascular accident) is a neurological deficit that can occur due to:
ischemia (ischaemic stroke)
haemorrhage (haemorrhagic stroke)
lobar haemorrhage
hypertensive haemorrhage
Imaging
CT scan
First investigation to be undertaken is CT scan, to rule out haemorrhage. It is thus the investigation of choice for haemorrhagic stroke.
Axial Non contrast Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14855005970337163390noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8630725325255029900.post-80098911317869662452015-05-28T00:40:00.003+05:302015-05-28T00:40:58.676+05:30Medical One Liners 411-420
411. Bulging fissure sign: Klebsiella pneumonia
412. Venous sinus thrombosis CT:
Non contrast - dense delta sign
Contrast CT - empty delta sign
413. Worst headache of life: Subarachnoid haemorrhage
414. Investigation of choice for
aneurysm - angiography
aortic aneurysm - CT scan as there may be intraluminal thrombus
aortic dissection - MRI
415. Basal exudates on CT seen in: Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14855005970337163390noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8630725325255029900.post-91113253608676932292015-05-24T23:12:00.002+05:302015-05-24T23:20:13.151+05:30Myocardial perfusion and viability
Author: Dr Ayush Goel
Myocardial perfusion and viability assessment is important for many reasons:
to diagnose, locate and grade the severity of coronary artery disease
to identify candidates who would benefit from re-vascularization
to evaluate response of re-vascularization
Terminology
Stunned myocardium
It refers to a state in which there is wall dysfunction but the Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14855005970337163390noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8630725325255029900.post-7800201539053043232015-04-07T21:31:00.004+05:302015-04-08T14:58:18.283+05:30Radiology Quiz 3
Q. What is the diagnosis ?
ANSWER:
Biconvex extra-axial hyperdense collection, not crossing the sutures --> Extradural hematoma (EDH)
Image courtesy: Dr Ayush Goel
MedicoNotebook - Founder : DrShiviMudgal , Co-Founder : DrAyushGoel
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14855005970337163390noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8630725325255029900.post-50472189703226575592015-02-05T17:00:00.001+05:302015-02-05T17:00:48.324+05:30Radiology Quiz 2
What is the diagnosis ?
ANSWER:
Rickets: cupping and flaring of bilateral ulnar and radial metaphysis
Image courtesy: Dr. Subhash Goel (M.D. Radiology), Reblogged with permission from Shiviradiology
MedicoNotebook - Founder : DrShiviMudgal , Co-Founder : DrAyushGoel
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14855005970337163390noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8630725325255029900.post-85303200290879978902014-12-23T13:11:00.004+05:302014-12-23T13:11:40.254+05:30Medical One Liners 401 - 410
401. Osteoporosis: decreased bone mass but normal mineralization. (Mineral to matrix ratio normal)
402. Osteomalacia: decreased rate of mineralization, hence increased quantity of non-calcified matrix. (Mineral to matrix ratio decreased)
403. MRI breast: In pre-menopausal women it should be performed between 7th-14th day (2nd week) after start of menstrual cycle, to avoid Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14855005970337163390noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8630725325255029900.post-58910485832319306112014-12-02T11:44:00.002+05:302014-12-02T11:44:36.304+05:30Restricted diffusion (MRI)
MCQ 166
Q. Which of the following defines "Restricted Diffusion" in MRI ?
a. Hyperintense on DWI, Hypointense on ADC
b. Hypointense on DWI, Hyperintense on ADC
c. Hyperintense on DWI and ADC
d. Hypointense on DWI and ADC
ANSWER:
Answer: A (Hyperintense on DWI, Hypointense on ADC)
Explanation: See - Diffusion MRI
MedicoNotebook - Founder : DrShiviMudgal , Co-Founder : Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14855005970337163390noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8630725325255029900.post-46812871538229694432014-10-18T16:29:00.000+05:302015-05-16T23:04:16.836+05:30Paragangliomas
Paraganglion is defined as non neuronal cell derived from the neural crest.
Types:
Chromaffin cells (Sympathetic paraganglion)
Pathology e.g.- Pheochromocytoma
Non chromaffin cells (Para-sympathetic paraganglion)
Pathology e.g.- Carotid body tumor, Glomus juglare, Glomus tympanicum
[ sometimes called Glomus tumors* ]
*Not to be confused with Glomangioma Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14855005970337163390noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8630725325255029900.post-41796412611188248032014-10-06T19:35:00.001+05:302014-10-06T19:35:24.737+05:30Medical one liners 391 - 400
391. Bouquet of flowers appearance = paintbrush appearance - seen in Medullary sponge kidney on IVP.
392.Gallbladder ghost triad - seen sonographically in Biliary atresia
atretic gallbladder length <19 mm,
thin or absent mucosal lining or indistinct wall,
irregular gallbladder contour
393. Triangular cord sign : Sonographic sign showing > 4mm thickness of Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14855005970337163390noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8630725325255029900.post-22782444392977005572014-08-30T17:28:00.001+05:302014-08-30T17:30:25.817+05:30Medical one liners 381 - 390
381. Most common leukaemia in downs syndrome - ALL
382. Leukodystrophy (Dysmyelinating disease) with amino acid metabolism disorder - Canavan disease.
383. Primary extra-gastrointestinal stromal tumors - mostly found in - omentum and mesentery.
384. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) = Lou Gehrig's Disease - between the ages of 40 and 70 - affects corticospinal tracts (runs Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14855005970337163390noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8630725325255029900.post-2144545842422821192014-06-10T23:28:00.001+05:302014-06-10T23:28:26.816+05:30Medical one liners 371 - 380
371. Metastases to thyroid gland is rare. Most common metastases to thyroid is from MELANOMA.
372. Most important point of differentiation between extradural hematoma (EDH) and subdural hematoma (SDH) - Is the ability of SDH to cross the suture lines whereas EDH does not cross suture line.
Though EDH is usually biconvex and SDH is usually concavo-convex BUT It is important to Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14855005970337163390noreply@blogger.com1